In this blog post, we will discuss the "Field Tests on Bricks and Laboratory Tests on Bricks" that can be conducted to ensure the quality of bricks.
Since, the bricks used in construction projects are used to test in field as well as laboratory based on requirement. There are the lists of both field test on bricks and laboratory test on bricks.
Field Tests on Bricks and Laboratory Tests on Bricks
It is not possible to test bricks at laboratory for all, also we don't have enough time to test bricks at laboratory sometimes. So, we prefer field tests on brick to check the quality of bricks at field or site. Also, we test bricks in laboratory under standard condition to check the quality of the bricks.
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Field Test on Brick
Following are the field tests on bricks which can be performed at site/field to probably ensure the quality of bricks:
- Visual inspection test on brick (Shape and size test).
- Dimension test on bricks.
- Hardness or scratch test on bricks.
- Soundness or sound test on bricks.
- Strength Test on brick
- Color test on bricks.
- Structure test on bricks.
- Water absorption test on bricks.
- Efflorescence (salt deposition) test on bricks.
Visual Inspection Test on Brick
Visual inspection is the first and foremost test to identify the quality of bricks. The bricks should be uniform in shape, size, and color. Any visible cracks, chips, or deformities can affect the strength of the brick. The bricks should be free from any visible irregularities, such as warping or twisting.
Dimension Test on Brick
Dimensional testing ensures that the bricks meet the required dimensions as per the standard specifications. The length, width, and height of the brick should be uniform, and the corners should be at right angles. The thickness of the brick should also be uniform and within the standard range.
Hardness or Scratch Test on Brick
The hardness or scratch test determines the resistance of bricks to scratching or abrasion. A hard brick is less likely to get damaged or worn out easily, indicating its strength and durability. In this test, a scratch is made on the brick's surface with a knife or any sharp object, and the depth and width of the scratch are measured.
Soundness or Sound Test on Brick
The soundness or sound test determines the quality of bricks based on the sound it produces when struck. Good quality bricks produce a clear ringing sound when struck together. This indicates that the bricks are free from cracks or any internal defects that can affect their strength.
Color Test on Brick
The color test determines the uniformity of color in the bricks. The bricks should have a uniform color throughout the surface. The color of the brick can also indicate the quality of the raw material used and the process of manufacturing.
Structure Test on Brick
The structure test determines the texture of the bricks. Good quality bricks should have a dense and compact structure, indicating their strength and durability. In this test, the brick is broken into two halves, and the structure of the interior is examined for any cracks or air pockets.
Water Absorption Test on Brick
The water absorption test determines the amount of water absorbed by the brick when soaked in water. The absorption rate is a critical factor as it can affect the strength and durability of the brick. In this test, the brick is soaked in water for 24 hours, and the weight of the brick is measured before and after soaking. The difference in weight indicates the amount of water absorbed by the brick.
Efflorescence (Salt Deposition) Test on Brick
The efflorescence test determines the presence of soluble salts in the bricks, which can cause discoloration, staining, and weakening of the brick. In this test, the bricks are placed in a humid environment for a specific period, and any salt deposits or efflorescence on the surface are examined. The presence of efflorescence indicates the presence of soluble salts in the brick.
Laboratory Tests on Brick
Laboratory tests on bricks are important to ensure the overall quality of bricks because these tests are performed as per standard method and there is negligible error in the test results. Following are the laboratory tests on bricks which can be performed to ensure the quality of bricks:
- Dimensions test on bricks.
- Compression test on bricks.
- Water absorption test on bricks.
- Efflorescence (salt deposition) test on bricks.
- Warpage test on bricks.
Dimensions Test on Brick
This test is conducted to determine the dimensional accuracy of the bricks. The dimensions of the brick are measured using a vernier caliper or a micrometer. The length, width, and height of the brick are measured, and the average of the three measurements is taken as the final value. The dimensions of the bricks are important as they affect the overall strength and stability of the brick structure.
Compression Test on Brick
The compression test of bricks is conducted to determine the compressive strength of the brick. A brick is placed between two compression plates, and a compressive load is applied on the brick until it fails. The maximum load that the brick can withstand before failing is recorded. The compressive strength of the brick is calculated by dividing the maximum load by the cross-sectional area of the brick. The compressive strength of the brick is an important parameter as it determines the load-bearing capacity of the brick structure.
Water absorption Test on Brick
This test is conducted to determine the water absorption capacity of the brick. The dry weight of the brick is measured, and the brick is then immersed in water for a specified period. After the immersion period, the brick is taken out of the water, and the weight of the brick is measured again. The water absorption capacity of the brick is calculated as the increase in weight of the brick after immersion divided by the dry weight of the brick. The water absorption capacity of the brick is an important parameter as it affects the durability and strength of the brick.
Efflorescence (Salt Deposition) Test on Brick
This test is conducted to determine the presence of soluble salts in the brick that can cause efflorescence (white deposits on the surface of the brick). The brick is immersed in water for a specified period, and the water is then evaporated. The white deposits on the surface of the brick are then observed and graded based on their intensity. The efflorescence test is important as it affects the appearance and durability of the brick structure.
Warpage Test on Brick
This test is conducted to determine the flatness and straightness of the brick. The brick is placed on a flat surface, and the deviation from flatness is measured. The brick is also placed on edge, and the deviation from straightness is measured. The warpage test is important as it affects the overall stability and appearance of the brick structure.
